It acts predominantly on the neurotransmitter dopamine and has little effect on the serotonin levels. B. automatic processes. A. stimulus. B. have difficulty falling asleep at the hour at which they would like. C. narcolepsy. D) It confuses witnesses, who end up providing inaccurate details about a crime. D. operant conditioning. remember new information better and faster. A. recall/recognition She will minimize distractions in her office and make Mitchell comfortable. All animals require sleep. WebA. Discuss the distinctions among depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens. C. self-actualization. C. REM sleep is characterized by a lack of rapid eye movement. He closes the window so that he can no longer hear the loud music. Moesha is most likely suffering from true. WebAs opposed to a dependent variable, an independent variable is manipulated by the experimenters so that its effects may be determined. B. river of dreams Compare and contrast the two major theories of dreaming (the cognitive theory of dreaming and the activation-synthesis theory of dreaming). A. positive reinforcement. C. Motor reproduction Those who tend to become completely absorbed in what they are doing and who immerse themselves in imaginative activities are likely candidates for hypnosis. from the subject. _____, such as Nembutal and Seconal, are depressant drugs that decrease central-nervous-system activity. D. stimulant. C. framing effect B. your computer for 15 minutes and write whatever comes into your head. A. Hypnosis is a changed state of awareness and increased relaxation that allows for improved focus and concentration. C. stores information so that it can be retained over time. that the frequency of bullying has decreased. B. insomnia. C. variable-ratio reinforced for successfully running through it. A. infantile amnesia. ________ are frightening dreams that awaken a dreamer from REM sleep. In the context of memory retrieval, which of the following statements is B. 92. D. Divided attention involves concentrating on different activities, one activity at a time. C. implicit but not explicit memories D. acquisition, extinction, generalization, and discrimination, . 42. C. classical conditioning. A. stimulants WebIdentify the true and false statements about hypnosis. Retroactive interference WebA. B. A. retention. The two hemispheres can no longer relay information back and forth. A. nondeclarative memory C. life experiences stimulate and shape dreaming more than the theory acknowledges. C. Hypnosis is a commonly used technique for treating problems such as overeating, diabetes, and smoking. 51. Since then, she has had immense difficulty in communicating with others. B. more than five drinks in a row Nolan and his wife were standing in the middle of the kitchen discussing vacation plans when he suddenly crashed to the floor in a deep REM sleep. B. Amphetamines The drug she took is most likely a C. prefrontal cortex Jacob's friend Sarah loves the warmth she feels for everybody when she takes Ecstasy. Repeated usage of marijuana can enhance attention and memory. C. primary C. wake up earlier than desired, sometimes several times a night. 63. complementary consciousness. C. Transience B. A. Edward, who began drinking at age 40 B. C. Individuals in a hypnotic state show characteristics of people being in a relaxed waking state. In cognitive theory, there is an essential search for the hidden, symbolic content of dreams. Luke is most likely taking B. A. This is known as divided consciousness. Which of the following is true regarding learning through operant conditioning? What type of drug is Gloria dependent on? D. Transference, You are taking both a Spanish and a French course this semester. Proactive and retroactive interference are examples of D. extinction, Shirley repeatedly ends up receiving bad grades in algebra no matter how hard she studies. D. missing class. D. in an altered state of consciousness. Which of the following medications is she most likely taking? C.insomnia. A. When you go to check on your sleeping child, you observe that his eyes are moving back and forth rapidly under his eyelids. needs the caffeine to function normally. Identify the true statement about sleepwalking. most likely What is the definition of a binge-drinking episode? The next day, the baby's mother brings home some pink flowers. D. Hypnosis produces a state of consciousness dissimilar to other states of consciousness. D. sleep apnea. C) It is known to negatively affect the performances of athletes. A. Betty is most likely A. Which of the following is true of acquisition in classical conditioning? D. Tylenol. 40. They decrease dopamine levels in the brain's reward pathways. Research does not support the claim that hypnosis can reduce the experience of pain. 84. B. neutral stimuli become associated with unlearned, involuntary responses. This is an example of Identify The True And False Statements About Hypnosis. They push or assault others. what was going to happen because you B. Leonard took his dose too soon and his body already had too much. They aggravate body pain. B. unconditioned stimulus. A. the temporary cessation of breathing during sleep. C. getting into trouble with campus or local police D. They are most effective in curing somnambulism and somniloquy. A.Sleep apnea principles of classical conditioning, how will Robert likely react today when he tastes or smells the D. no awareness. 27. It has been found most useful in preparing people for anesthesia , enhancing the drug response, and reducing the required dosage. famous singer. behavior is called A. sleep apnea. B. immunosuppression. Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder in which individuals They are most often used in suicide attempts. A. discovery learning. Identify C. increased tolerance. 14 37. The EEG (electroencephalogram) data of a hypnotized person indicates a predominance of alpha and beta waves. C. Individuals in a hypnotic state are unreceptive to external suggestions. A. stimulant and takes it only in his apartment. B. marijuana Identify As you study the vocabulary C. It emphasizes shallow processing as the key step in memory retrieval. Which of the following is the main reason that hampers the use of rehearsal as a tool for retaining A. unconditioned stimulus (US) with his conditioned stimulus (CS). WebWhich of the following statements about hypnosis is true? The theory rests on the idea that dreams are essentially conscious cognitive processing. 11. C. occipital lobe and temporal lobe. The nervous system is supposedly cycling through various neurological activities throughout the night, and our consciousness is just along for the ride. Some bears kept in the zoo allow veterinarians to routinely give them total body checkups. Blake smokes marijuana. Samantha tells Ava, her friend, that she should use imagery when studying. Miranda is learning to play tennis. C. generalization. In the context B. unconscious wishes and hidden desires. D. the consequences of behavior produce change in the probability of the occurrence of the As Carlton is just about to fall asleep, he experiences an overwhelming feeling of wellness and a sense that everything is going to work out. What type of long-term memory has primarily D. positive punishment. The doctor has prescribed Xanax (a depressant drug that reduces anxiety and induces relaxation). Quizlet a. personality b. contingencies of reinforcement c. trait d. defense mechanism e. inferiority complex f. self-actualization g. positive regard h. conditions of worth i. extravert j. introvert. words for your French test, you realize that the French words are disrupting the memory of the Spanish 36. Which of the following should be included on your list? B. preparedness. B. B. melatonin Only 6 pairs of the skates sell at the original price, and the manager decides to mark down the remaining skates. B. executive function. C. Working memory functions as a passive storehouse with shelves to store information until it Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder in which individuals D. cerebral cortex. At least three lines of research support the notion that sleep serves a restorative function. C. encoding They increase epinephrine in the brain's reward pathways. C. stream of consciousness 114. B. H.M. could not learn new physical tasks. They have serious arguments with others. A. the manifest content of Homer's dream. Which of the following statements is true of hypnosis? D. circadian rhythm, Jet lag may be best explained by the B. negative reinforcement. A. somnambulism. Your little brother whines whenever he wants something. The active ingredient in marijuana is THC, which specifically affects serotonin. Identify _____ is an altered state of consciousness or psychological state of altered attention in which the individual is unusually receptive to suggestions. C. anterograde amnesia. B) It can help to cure cocaine addiction. Sleeping pills are classified as a(n) D. epinephrine, 99. B. the latent content of Homer's dream. behavior. It induces images that are sometimes pleasurable and sometimes grotesque. D. dramatic changes in environmental stimuli, Your friend Helen just started working the night shift at the post office. D. periodic attacks of uncontrollable sleepiness. WebQuestion: Identify a true statement about hypnosis. 110. B. depressant If someone responds oddly to a stimulus (when no longer hypnotized) as a result of a hypnotist's suggestion, he or she will try to find a reasonable explanation for it. meaningful units. Quizlet Jose's employer pays him every other Friday. B. tranquilizer. A. episodic memory/semantic memory It is likely that he is A. unconditioned response (UR). Choose the letter of the correct term or concept below to complete the sentence. This is an example of C. declarative memory D. alcohol. Implicit memory has two subsystems: episodic memory and semantic memory. D. It produces high, steady rates of behavior that are more resistant to extinction than the other C. Margaret will have difficulty adding numbers. B. how cannibalized worms can pass on skills they had learned to the cannibals. C. hallucinogens These After someone wakes up from hypnosis, he or she may have involuntary reactions to a stimulus but not remember why. D. procedural memory, ________ is the activation of information that people already have in storage to help them period of time. D. stop breathing while they are sleeping. D. an altered state of consciousness. ________ involve sudden Meditation D. They push or assault others. A. involves mechanically repeating information, without imparting meaning to it.It C. amphetamine C. life experiences stimulate and shape dreaming more than the theory acknowledges. D. recognition/recall. Hypnosis has been officially endorsed as a therapeutic method by medical, psychiatric, dental, and psychological associations throughout the world. You look to see if he woke up, but he is still asleep and appears to not be breathing. Although dreams occur during both non-REM and REM stages, dreams are more frequently experienced in the REM stage. Skill memory control over negative outcomes. C. During acquisition, the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus are presented D. They are most effective in curing somnambulism and somniloquy. 39. A trained and certified hypnotist or hypnotherapist guides you into this deep state of focus and relaxation with verbal cues, repetition and imagery. hemispheres in his brain. She interviews ten of her classmates and asks them to remember that day. D. Leonard's drug tolerance had reached its limits and his US was confounded with his CS and Chunking involves A. voluntary behavior. 129. A. true. A. neutral stimulus/reinforcer stimulus B. a drug no longer causes a person to get high, but they take it again. A. metacognition. Widespread areas of the cerebral cortex are disabled when individuals are in a hypnotic state. B. Jennifer's tests have poorer retrieval cues than Stacey's tests. statements about hypnosis D. stop breathing while they are sleeping. D. more than three drinks in a row, 82. C. negative reinforcement. principles to consumers by showing ads that pair something pleasant with a product in hope that you, D. latent learning, ________ is a form of problem solving in which the organism develops a sudden understanding of a attention and which should be ignored. According to the B. hallucinogens B.Narcolepsy He injected his B. B. A. Margaret will have difficulty remembering her address and telephone number. D. motor reproduction. D. a learner's behavior is followed by a pleasant consequence. B. Chunking D. It focuses on automatic, involuntary behaviors. A. organizing Which of the following would be an example of no awareness or an "unconscious" state of mind? Identify C. Deep sleep is much greater in the first half than in the second half of a night's sleep. Manifest Content: The literal content of The baby cries A. stage 2 D. Concentration, Meditation has been compared to ________, the relaxed sense that all is well. Because controlled processes require attention and effort, they are typically slower than automatic processes. Altered states of consciousness are mental states that are noticeably different from normal awareness (e.g., sleeping or dreaming). A.psychological dependence. 60. 7 and 12 Which of the following statements about psychoactive drug use is FALSE? C. retrieving D. insomnia. A. the same area of the brain is involved in the functioning of implicit and explicit memory. skips her coffee in the morning. This demonstrated that the rats called on their ________ It is a special form of semantic memory. A. A. Daydreaming lies between the subconscious awareness state and the altered state of A. dreams are caused by neurotransmitter levels. D. Daydreaming most often occurs in the form of mind wandering. The cerebellum cannot hold on to information long-term. D. Neodissociated/dissociated. Although Garrett's intent was to increase his score, sleep deprivation will likely cause memory deficits and will likely decrease his exam performance. Hypnosis can not be practiced on everyone, as usually only highly suggestible people respond to it. 101. It is more likely to occur when individuals are sleep deprived. 30 ( Society of Psychological Hypnosis ), hypnosis is a procedure during which a health professional or researcher suggests while treating someone, that he or she experience changes in sensations, perceptions, thoughts or behavior. In Pavlov's classic study on classical conditioning, the bell was the ________ before conditioning and Night terrors differ from nightmares in that night terrors Robert drank too much tequila last night. A. Awareness and arousal are associated with different parts of the brain. WebIdentify the true and false statements about someone with split brain. The price is reduced 25% and 6 more pairs sell. Ian's behavior exemplifies D. during non-REM sleep. A. theory of mechanism. The removal of a stimulus following a given behavior in order to increase the frequency of that C. Drug use among teens is associated with unplanned pregnancy, depression, and school-related difficulties. During her night shift, Hannah falls asleep at her desk around midnight. What is the most widely used drug in the United States? D.They are considered to be conscious behaviors. A. in an altered state of consciousness. It was first conceptualized by Ivan Pavlov. A person might experience insomnia, fatigue, changes in body temperature, and impaired cognitive abilities as well as an increased susceptibility to diseases and disorders. Which of the following statements is true about autobiographical memory? The remaining 12 pairs of skates are marked down to 50% of the original selling price and are finally sold. She usually has several more cups Hypnosis is a changed state of awareness and increased relaxation that allows for improved focus and concentration. Larry is grounded each time he hits his little brother. B. Controlled processes A. serotonin. While watching television, you can see how advertisers cunningly apply classical-conditioning D. Michael, who began drinking in graduate school at age 25, C. Aaron, who began drinking at age 12 with the neighborhood kids, 85. C. procedural memory. Lily has been battling insomnia for a very long time. This is known as divided consciousness. D. Homer's conscious thoughts and desires. B. Ebbinghau's curve of forgetting B. theory of relativity. D. unconditioned stimulus, Classical conditioning can produce ________, which is a decrease in the production of antibodies B. Mitchell wants to quit smoking, so his therapist decides to try hypnosis as a form of treatment. Psychology Chapter 5 D. intermediary, ________ is considered a secondary rienforcer. A. episodic Every night when she goes Sleeping The most widely used stimulants in the world are _____ and _____. C. glutamate B. physical and/or psychological dependence develops A. stage 1 WebAs opposed to a dependent variable, an independent variable is manipulated by the experimenters so that its effects may be determined. They have serious arguments with others. A. high consciousness. Psych 101 Final Study Guide C. They damage other people's property. conditioning what led to Leonard's condition? Controlled processes represent the most alert state of human consciousness. Garrett pulled an "all-nighter" before his chemistry exam. A. negative punishment. tequila bottle that he drank out of last night? B. long-term memory/short-term memory B. damaging property Your English professor gives you some advice on how to cure writer's block. to help them reach the end of the maze more quickly. D. will result in longer hours of sleep. Since the surgery, she has She says she needs the caffeine to function normally. D. do not require selective attention, States of consciousness that require little attention and do not interfere with other ongoing activities Sleepwalking occurs during ________ of the sleep cycle. Todd is scolded each time he bullies his little brother by taking away his toys. In the context of memory processes, which of the following scenarios best illustrates the process of What type of drug is Gloria dependent on? If someone responds oddly to a stimulus (when no longer hypnotized) as a result of a hypnotist's suggestion, he or she will try to find a reasonable explanation for it. Psych 101 Final Study Guide C. secondary reinforcement. B. occur during REM sleep. B. automatic processes. A. B. narcotic What type of drug is crystal meth? D. are slower than automatic processes. B. a learner encodes the information to reproduce a model's actions. A. stimulant C. Generalizing C. Autobiographical memories are the simplest of all. A. Theory of awareness Yet, she is still able to talk, know A. C. She is demonstrating incubation. Moesha has been feeling very stressed about an important project at work. A. daydreaming. A. using Miller's framework for memory retrieval. B. serial position effect The tendency of animals to revert to intuitive behavior that interferes with learning is called It also is called hypnotherapy. 10 Lower levels of awareness include automatic processes and daydreaming. D. the bell had become a conditioned response. Identify a true statement about hypnosis encoding information? B. Somnambulisms/Nightmares C. It is the most powerful type of depressant. Someone who can be hypnotized may be highly suggestible. A rabbit learns to play with children in the park. Hypnosis true/false . C. fatigue. A. depressants C. habituation. D. lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). 47. A. Alex, a five-year-old boy, is reciting his alphabets. ________, such as Valium, are depressant drugs that reduce anxiety and induce relaxation. D. throwing a temper tantrum, ________ is a theory of learning that focuses solely on observable actions and responses. C. brain damage. A. instinctive drift B. D. highly susceptible to extinction. Depressants, like alcohol, slow down activity in the central nervous system. A. ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens. Thus, sleep seems absolutely fundamental for survival. A. Which of the following statements about the effectiveness of hypnosis is FALSE? In the context of operant conditioning, Shirley's behavior exemplifies Jennifer accidentally plays a radio channel that she has never heard before. During a class lecture, Veronica fancies herself to be attending a Bon Jovi concert in Miami. B. dreams are random. true. A. Daydreaming lies between the subconscious awareness state and the altered state of consciousness. What is the most common negative consequence that binge-drinking college students create for others? D. stage 5 and stage 6. Belinda's confusion with these A. depressant. C. conditioned response (CR). D. a loud noise. Daily circadian rhythms regulate a person's sleep/wakefulness cycle, body temperature, blood pressure, and blood sugar level. Your father falls asleep watching TV. C. pain B. chunking subjects are always aware of everything that goes on around them: true or false. College students who consume large amounts of alcohol on weekends are abusing which type(s) of drugs? B. Synergy C. The EEG pattern for REM sleep shows slow waves similar to those of stage 3 sleep. remembering how. Jacob warns her that repeated use of this drug could have lasting negative effects on the neurotransmitter D. automatic processing. A. alarm sound. C.night terrors WebAccording to hypnosis researcher Ernest Hilgard, hypnosis brings about a dissociation of consciousness into two simultaneous components. The contestant is in a state of A. instinctive drift. Stage 3 sleep/stage 1 and stage 2 sleep D. the result of mental activities such as thinking and reasoning. 115. C. The capacity of the visuo-spatial sketchpad is limited. . Hypnosis can be used to treat alcoholism, somnambulism, depression, suicidal tendencies, post-traumatic stress disorder, migraines, overeating, diabetes, and smoking. Implicit memory is a person's knowledge about the world. B. physical dependence. C. have a script for what happens in a restaurant. C. Caffeinism D. subconscious processes, Daydreaming would be considered an example of which of the following levels of awareness? D. explicit. While hypnosis is often described as a sleep-like state, it is better expressed as a state of focused attention, heightened suggestibility, and vivid fantasies. C. unconditioned response/conditioned response B. Daydreaming occurs when the individual is doing something that requires full attention. very close together in time. what words mean, and have general knowledge about the world, such as what day it is or who currently D. slightly increase, Multiple choice exams involve testing a student's ________ abilities, whereas essay exams involve D. Her metacognition level has significantly increased. Insomnia is a disorder involving D.Sleep deprivation syndrome, 54. D. They decrease dopamine levels in the brain's reward pathways. B. Spontaneous recovery A. do not require selective attention. It has been found most useful in preparing people for anesthesia , enhancing the drug response, and reducing the required dosage. Time line therapy 5 ________ involves attaining a peaceful state of mind in which thoughts are not occupied by worry. Non-REM Dreams: The experience of mundane, dull, everyday events when asleep. C. exhibiting controlled processing. Individuals in a hypnotic state are unreceptive to external suggestions. C. Ambien People very quickly adapt to the procedures and behaviors appropriate at a birthday party. A. somniloquy. D. circadian theory. WebA. Psychological research on sleep and memory has found that staying up all night to study for an exam is likely to C. positive reinforcement. D. subconscious awareness. C. Leonard's friend switched his drugs in order to teach him not to use drugs by switching his 16. Hypnosis Classical conditioning can produce immunosuppression. B. sleep apneA.C.a state called hypnagogic reverie. C. Keiko, who is daydreaming about her upcoming vacation this weekend B. According to the principles of classical conditioning, the conditioned C. improve test scores. B. dreams are random. 17. D. inhalant, 78. B. B. controlled processes. Your knowledge of the alphabet and multiplication tables is most likely to be stored in your Other studies have shown that sleep coincides with the release of growth hormone in children, thus suggesting that sleep plays an important role in physical growth and brain development.